Saturday, 23 February 2008

Hurricanes: more people, more wealth, not stronger storms

The economic cost of hurricanes in the US has increased as a result of greater population, infrastructure, and wealth along coastal areas, not because there have been more intense storms, a study says.


The US National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Agency's (Noaa) paper, published in Natural Hazards Review, reported that economic hurricane damage in the US had been doubling every 10 to 15 years.

And it added that if more people continued to move to the hurricane-prone coastline, future economic hurricane losses could be far greater than previously seen.

Read the full report here (PDF)




Climate change 'harming fish stocks'

The supply of fish stocks will plummet as the world warms, says a United Nations report.

The results will affect millions of people in developing nations who depend on fishing for their livelihoods, according to the "Dead in the Water" report, published by the UN's Environment Programme (Unep).

Rising greenhouse gas emissions threaten at least three-quarters of key fishing grounds, and this could affect the 2.6bn people who derive their protein from seafood, the study notes.

The ocean’s natural pumping systems, which bring nutrients to fisheries and also help flush out wastes and pollution, are under threat.

Additionally, increased carbon dioxide in the atmosphere will raise oceans' acid levels, harming corals as well as planktonic organisms at the base of the food chain.

Download the report here (6MB PDF)



Greenland ice sheet feels the heat

The surface temperature of Greenland's ice sheet has been rising as a result of warming air temperatures, a Nasa study has concluded.

Though the loss of the whole ice sheet is unlikely, the researchers say, melt water from the ice mass has already contributed in part to 20th Century sea level rise of about two millimetres each year.

The team warns that future melt has the potential to impact people and economies across the globe.

The scientists used Nasa satellite technologies to explore the behaviour of the ice sheet, revealing a relationship between changes at the surface and below.

The findings appear in the Journal of Glaciology.


Read the entire paper here (PDF)



Now that's what I call global warming...

Earth faces being cremated inside the sun unless future generations work out how to change its orbit, writes Australia's appropriately named Herald Sun.
New calculations by University of Sussex astronomers predict Earth will not only be burned to a cinder, but will be swallowed up by the sun.

Professor Robert Smith and his team had previously calculated that Earth might escape ultimate destruction.

But new calculations now take into account the effect of drag caused by the outer atmosphere of the dying sun.

But no need to panic just yet; the researchers have calculated that the planet's demise will happen 7.6 billion years in the future.


Bluetongue risk ‘returns to UK in April’

Livestock farmers in the UK will again face the risk of bluetongue infecting their herds from 21 April, writes Pallab Ghosh, BBC News science correspondent.

Government scientists have studied the lifecycle of the midges that transmit the disease, and have developed a map that predicts how the disease will spread across England and Wales during 2008.

They suggest that farms in Kent will be the first to be at risk, from 21 April – this is before government vets will have access to a vaccine, which will not be available until the end of May.


From the source:

Defra bluetongue information

Meanwhile, Earth Times (link) reports that the German government has taken the decision to vaccinate its herds against bluetongue, which has been spreading north from the Mediterranean region.




Map pinpoints disease ‘hotspots’

A detailed map highlighting the world's hotspots for emerging infectious diseases (EIDs) has been released, writes Mark Kinver, BBC News science and nature reporter.

It uses data spanning 65 years and shows the majority of these new diseases come from wildlife.

Scientists say conservation efforts that reduce conflicts between humans and animals could play a key role in limiting future outbreaks.

Writing in Nature, they said their map revealed that global anti-EID resources had been poorly allocated in the past.


From the source:

ZSL press release

University of Georgia

Earth Institute (Columbia Uni) press release


Other media:

Science Daily coverage

Telegraph coverage

Reuters coverage




US ends protection for wolves in three states

The Bush administration has announced an end to federal protection for grey wolves in three US states, writes the New York Times’ Kirk Johnson.

Officials have concluded that the wolves are reproductively robust enough to survive.

A coalition of wildlife and environmental groups dismissed the government’s claims and announced plans for a lawsuit to reverse the decision, which is to take effect next month.

Advocates for the animals said there were too few wolves to make a genetically sound population.

(Ed - it is worth keeping an eye open for the Bush administration's decision on whether polar bears should be listed as endangered. It is expected soon, perhaps as early as next week)

From the source:

US Fish and Wildlife Service press release

Q&A (PDF) from the US FWS about its decision

Other media:

Los Angeles Times coverage

Science Daily coverage



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